Which three of the following are deterministic effects of radiation exposure?

Deterministic effects of radiation exposure are biological effects that have a clear threshold dose below which they do not occur, and their severity generally increases with the dose received. The three examples provided – epilation, skin erythema, and cataracts – all fit this definition.

Epilation, or hair loss, is a classic deterministic effect resulting from higher doses of radiation that damage hair follicles. The likelihood of experiencing this effect correlates directly with the radiation dose.

Skin erythema is another example, characterized by a redness of the skin due to the radiation affecting the skin layers, which is dose-dependent. Typically, higher doses will cause more extensive damage and thus more pronounced erythema.

Cataracts result from radiation damage to the lens of the eye, which can occur after exposure to moderate to high doses. Similar to the other effects, cataracts have a defined threshold dose and become more severe with increased exposure.

Since all three effects—epilation, skin erythema, and cataracts—are well-established deterministic effects of radiation exposure, recognizing this allows us to understand the risks associated with high doses of radiation. Therefore, selecting "all of the above" as the answer accurately captures the nature of these effects.