RTBC Radiation Biology Practice Test

The potential effect of radiation on the endocrine system primarily involves the disruption of hormonal balances. Radiation can damage endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal glands, and pancreas, leading to alterations in hormone production and regulation. This disruption can result in various health issues, including thyroid dysfunction (as seen in conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism), altered stress responses due to adrenal gland impairment, and changes in insulin secretion affecting glucose metabolism. The sensitivity of these glands to radiation depends on factors like the dose received and the duration of exposure, making hormonal balance a critical aspect of radiation’s biological impact on the body.

Options that focus on increased energy production, enhancement of growth factors, or improvement of metabolic rates do not accurately reflect the primary influences of radiation on the endocrine system. In fact, radiation exposure typically leads to harmful effects rather than enhancing physiological functions.