Which protective measure is commonly used in radiology departments to minimize exposure?

Lead shields are commonly used in radiology departments to minimize exposure to ionizing radiation. This is due to their high-density material, which effectively absorbs and attenuates radiation, thereby preventing it from passing through. When patients undergo radiological procedures, lead shields are strategically placed to protect sensitive areas of the body from unnecessary radiation exposure, such as the gonads, while still allowing the necessary imaging to be performed.

The effectiveness of lead in radiation protection is well-established; lead shields can significantly reduce the amount of radiation that reaches the subject or personnel nearby. This is essential for ensuring the safety of both patients and medical staff, as even low levels of exposure can accumulate and lead to potential health risks over time.

The other materials listed may be used in various contexts for different protective or privacy purposes, but they do not provide the same level of protection against radiation as lead shields do. For instance, plastic barriers and glass windows may offer some protection against certain types of radiation, but they are not as effective as lead. Paper drapes are not suitable for radiation protection due to their low density and inability to absorb radiation effectively.