Which cell type is most sensitive to radiation exposure?

Bone marrow cells are indeed the most sensitive to radiation exposure among the listed cell types. This sensitivity stems from their high rate of proliferation and the rapid turnover of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. Bone marrow contains stem cells that are crucial for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which are essential for various bodily functions, including oxygen transport and immune response.

When exposed to radiation, these rapidly dividing cells are more likely to suffer severe damage, which can lead to radiation-induced aplastic anemia or other hematological conditions. In contrast, neurons and muscle cells tend to be more resistant to radiation due to their lower rates of division, while skin cells, although somewhat sensitive due to their rapid turnover, do not match the vulnerability level of bone marrow cells.