What term is used to describe biological effects of radiation exposure that affect future generations?

The term that describes biological effects of radiation exposure impacting future generations is "heritable effects." This concept refers to genetic changes that can be passed down from one generation to the next as a result of radiation-induced mutations in the germ cells (sperm and eggs). When the DNA in these cells is altered by radiation, those changes can be transmitted to offspring, leading to heritable effects that may manifest as genetic disorders or increased susceptibility to diseases in future generations.

Understanding this term is crucial in the field of radiation biology, particularly when conducting assessments of the long-term implications of radiation exposure in populations, including occupational, medical, or environmental contexts. Heritable effects highlight the importance of protecting not only the present population but also future generations from the potential consequences of radiation exposure.