What is the main aim of fractionated radiation therapy?

The main aim of fractionated radiation therapy is to minimize side effects while maximizing tumor damage. This approach involves delivering radiation in multiple smaller doses, or fractions, rather than a single large dose. By doing this, the therapy allows normal, healthy tissues time to recover between treatments, reducing the risk of acute and long-term side effects. Additionally, fractionation takes advantage of the fact that tumor cells often have different repair abilities compared to normal cells; this disparity gives healthy tissues a chance to recuperate, while the tumor cells may accumulate damage over the course of treatment, ultimately leading to better control of the tumor.

This method is fundamental in optimizing the therapeutic ratio—the balance between the desired treatment effect on tumors and the preservation of normal tissue function. Therefore, fractionated radiation therapy is specifically designed to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment while caring for the patient's quality of life throughout the process.