What is 'radiation hormesis'?

Radiation hormesis is the hypothesis suggesting that low doses of ionizing radiation may actually produce beneficial biological effects. This concept posits that low-level exposure could stimulate adaptive responses in biological systems, leading to potential health benefits, such as enhanced repair mechanisms, reduced cancer risk, or improved immune function. It contrasts with the traditional viewpoint that any exposure to radiation is harmful. The idea of radiation hormesis is significant in discussions about radiation safety, environmental exposures, and medical applications of radiation, where the potential for low-dose exposure to contribute positively to health is evaluated.

Understanding this concept helps clarify how the biological effects of radiation are not solely negative and emphasizes the nuance in the relationship between low-dose radiation exposure and health outcomes.