How does radiation affect reproductive cells differently than somatic cells?

Reproductive cells, also known as germ cells, have a unique role in the organism's life cycle, as they are responsible for passing genetic information to future generations through reproduction. When radiation affects these cells, it can induce mutations or chromosomal abnormalities that not only impact the individual but also have the potential to be transmitted to offspring. This means that any alterations in the DNA of reproductive cells due to radiation exposure can lead to hereditary effects that influence future generations.

In contrast, while somatic cells can also be affected by radiation, any damage or mutations that occur in these cells do not get passed on to the next generation. Somatic cells make up the majority of the body's tissues and organs, and their effects are limited to the individual. This key difference highlights the importance of understanding how radiation exposure can have varied implications depending on the type of cell affected. Thus, the statement regarding the capacity of reproductive cells to influence future generations effectively captures the distinct impact of radiation on these two different cell types.